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Wood's metal, also known as Lipowitz's alloy or by the commercial names Cerrobend, Bendalloy, Pewtalloy and MCP 158, is a eutectic, fusible alloy with a melting point of approximately . It is a eutectic alloy of 50% bismuth, 26.7% lead, 13.3% tin, and 10% cadmium by weight.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = John Wiley & Sons )〕 The alloy is named for Barnabas Wood.〔(Ask the Historian: Onion's Fusible Alloy ), by William B. Jensen, in the ''Journal of Chemical Education'' (archived at the University of Cincinnati), volume 87, page 1050-1051; published 2010; retrieved July 28, 2014〕 == Applications == Wood's metal is useful as a low-melting solder, low-temperature casting metal, high temperature coupling fluid in heat baths, and as a fire-melted valve element in fire sprinkler systems in buildings. Medical gas cylinders in the United Kingdom have a Wood's metal seal which melts in fire, allowing the gas to escape and reducing the risk of gas explosion. Wood's metal is commonly used as a filler when bending thin-walled metal tubes. For this use the tubing is filled with molten Wood's metal. After this filler solidifies the tubing is bent. The filler prevents the tube collapsing. The Wood's metal is then removed by heating, often by boiling in water. Other uses include making custom-shaped apertures and blocks (for example, electron-beam cutouts and lung blocks) for medical radiation treatment, and making metal inlays in wood. Wood's metal is also useful for repairing antiques. For example, a bent piece of sheet metal may be repaired by casting a Wood's metal die from a good example. The low melting temperature of Wood's metal makes it unlikely this will harm the original. The damaged piece can then be clamped in the die and slowly tightened to form it back into shape. Wood's metal has long been used by model railroad enthusiasts to add weight to locomotives, increasing traction, and the number of cars that can be pulled. Wood's metal is also used in the making of extracellular electrodes for the electro-physiological recording of neural activity.〔Frank K, and Becker MC. Microelectrodes for recording and stimulation. In: Physical techniques in biological research, edited by Nastuk WL. New York: Academic Press, 1964, p. 23–84.〕 Like other fusible alloys, e.g. Rose's metal, Wood's metal can be used as a heat transfer medium in hot baths. Hot baths with Rose's and Wood's metals are not in routine use but are employed for temperatures above 220 °C.〔http://books.google.com/books?id=m-hibT7AaK8C&pg=PA135&dq=rose's+metal&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&cd=22#v=onepage&q=rose's%20metal&f=false〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wood's metal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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